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Esophageal pH monitoring
Definition
Esophageal pH monitoring is a test that measures how often and for how long stomach acid enters the esophagus (the tube from the mouth to the stomach).
Alternative Names
How the Test is Performed
A thin tube is passed through your nose or mouth to your stomach, then withdrawn back into your esophagus. The tube is attached to a monitor that measures the level of acidity in your esophagus.
You will wear this monitor on a strap and will be asked to keep a diary of your symptoms and activity over the next 24 hours. The next day you will return and the tube will be removed. The information from the monitor will be compared to the diary you provide.
Infants and children will most likely remain in the hospital for the esophageal pH monitoring.
How to Prepare for the Test
Your health care provider will ask you to fast and avoid smoking after midnight before the test.
Some drugs may alter the test results, and your health care provider may ask you to withhold those substances for 24 hours before the test. These substances may include:
- Antacids
- Anticholinergics
- Cholinergics
- Adrenergic blockers
- Alcohol
- Corticosteroids
- H2 blockers
Do not discontinue any medication unless advised to do so by your health care provider.
How the Test Will Feel
You may experience a brief gagging sensation as the catheter is passed through your throat.
Why the Test is Performed
Esophageal pH monitoring is used to assess how much stomach acid is entering the esophagus and how well it is cleared. In infants, this test is usually used to evaluate the absence or presence of GERD and associated excessive crying or other problems.
Normal Results
Normal values vary from person to person, and with different equipment and technique.
What Abnormal Results Mean
An increased frequency or duration of acid in the esophagus often correlates with:
- Heartburn
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- Esophageal scarring
- Reflux esophagitis
- Dysphagia (a late symptom of esophageal scarring)
Risks
No significant risks have been reported with this test, but the following may occur very infrequently:
- Arrhythmias during insertion of the tube (intubation)
- Breathing in of gastric contents if the catheter induces vomiting (see aspiration of vomitus)
Reviewed By: Christian Stone, M.D., Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
